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William Joseph Brennan, Jr. (April 25, 1906 – July 24, 1997) was an American jurist who served as an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court from 1956 to 1990. As the seventh longest-serving justice in Supreme Court history, he was known for being a leader of the Court's liberal wing.〔"Souter’s Exit Opens Door for a More Influential Justice" http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/08/us/08court.html . Retrieved October 9, 2009.〕 He was known for his outspoken progressive views, including opposition to the death penalty and support for abortion rights. He authored several landmark case opinions, including ''Baker v. Carr'', establishing the "one person, one vote" principle, and ''New York Times Co. v. Sullivan'', which required "actual malice" in a libel suit against those deemed "public figures." Due to his ability to shape a wide variety of opinions and "bargain" for votes in many cases, he was considered to be among the Court's most influential members. Justice Antonin Scalia has called Brennan "probably the most influential Justice of the () century." On November 30, 1993, Justice Brennan was presented with the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Bill Clinton.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients )〕 ==Early life== Brennan was born in Newark, New Jersey, the second of eight children. His parents, William and Agnes (McDermott) Brennan, were Irish immigrants. They met in the United States, although both were originally from County Roscommon in Ireland. His father had little education; he worked as a metal polisher. However, he rose to a position of leadership, serving as the Commissioner of Public Safety for the city of Newark from 1927 to 1930. Brennan attended public schools in Newark, and graduated from Barringer High School in 1924. He then attended the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, where he graduated ''cum laude'' with a degree in economics in 1928. While there, he joined Delta Tau Delta Fraternity.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Famous Delts )〕 When he was 21, Brennan married Marjorie Leonard, whom he had met in high school. They eventually had three children: William, Nancy and Hugh. Brennan attended Harvard Law School, where he was a member of the Harvard Legal Aid Bureau. He graduated in 1931. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「William J. Brennan, Jr.」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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